Who recorded it first

Twist and Shout

Not a Beatles original — a 1961 Top Notes single

Almost everyone takes ‘Twist and Shout’ for a Beatles original, but the Beatles’ 1963 version is a cover — and not even the first cover. The song was written by Phil Medley and Bert Berns and first recorded in 1961 by The Top Notes on Atlantic Records, produced by a young Phil Spector. That version flopped. The Isley Brothers turned it into a hit in 1962, and the Beatles arrived third, in 1963.

The record

Who recorded it first

Original recording
The Top Notes, 1961
Written by
Phil Medley & Bert Berns
First released
1961 (Atlantic) — produced by Phil Spector, did not chart
Made a hit by
The Isley Brothers, 1962 (US No. 17)
Made famous by
The Beatles, 1963

How we traced it

The song was written by Phil Medley and Bert Berns and first recorded on 23 February 1961 by The Top Notes for Atlantic Records, in a session produced by Phil Spector. The single failed to chart Wikipedia ↗.

The Isley Brothers re-recorded it in 1962 for Wand Records, adding the now-iconic bridge — the ascending build and the whooping call-and-response — and took it to No. 17 on the Billboard Hot 100, their first Top 20 hit. This is the version that made the song famous.

The Beatles recorded their cover on 11 February 1963 for Please Please Me, modelled closely on the Isley Brothers’ arrangement. It became so beloved that most listeners now assume the song began with them — two recordings and two years too late the history ↗.

Wikipedia — the full song history
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Fact-check

The attribution problem

This is a double misattribution: not only is the Beatles’ record a cover, it is a cover of a cover. The song passed through two other acts before the band the public credits ever touched it.

The beliefcover, not original

‘It’s a Beatles song’

The Beatles’ 1963 version is a cover. The song was written by Phil Medley and Bert Berns and recorded twice by others first the history ↗.

The originalfirst to record it

The Top Notes, 1961

Cut for Atlantic and produced by Phil Spector, the first version never charted — which is exactly why later covers could eclipse it so completely. There was no famous original standing in the way.

The hitthe version that got famous

The Isley Brothers, 1962

The Isleys added the bridge and the whoops and took the song to No. 17 — the arrangement the Beatles then borrowed. The middle version, and the most influential, is the one most often skipped over.

Written by Phil Medley and Bert Berns, first recorded by The Top Notes in 1961, made a hit by the Isley Brothers in 1962, and made famous — but not originated — by the Beatles in 1963 the record ↗.

Context

Why the cover ate the original

A cover eclipses its original most completely when the original never had its moment. The Top Notes’ 1961 recording sank on release, so there was no hit occupying the public’s memory of the song. That left the field open — first for the Isley Brothers, and then for the Beatles, whose version simply became the version.

The twist is that the recording everyone imitates is not the original at all. The Isley Brothers built the bridge and the call-and-response in 1962, and the Beatles followed their arrangement in 1963. So the ‘Beatles song’ is a cover of the Isleys’ cover of a flop — three acts deep before it reached the band that gets the credit.

The three records, in order
  • Phil Medley and Bert Berns write the song (early 1960s).
  • The Top Notes record it first, February 1961, for Atlantic; Phil Spector produces; it does not chart.
  • The Isley Brothers re-record it in 1962 for Wand, add the bridge, and reach US No. 17.
  • The Beatles record their cover, 11 February 1963, for Please Please Me, following the Isleys’ arrangement.
  • The Beatles’ version becomes definitive, and both earlier records fade from public memory.
The ‘Beatles song’ is a cover of a cover of a flop — three acts deep before the credit lands.

The original recording artist

The Top Notes

American R&B vocal group · active 1960–1963

The Top Notes were an American R&B and doo-wop group centred on singers Derek Martin and Howard Guyton. In February 1961 they made the very first recording of ‘Twist and Shout’ for Atlantic Records, produced by a then-unknown Phil Spector — and it flopped. It is a strange footnote of pop history that the group who introduced one of its most-covered songs are the one act almost nobody remembers.

The version that made it a hit

The Isley Brothers

American vocal group · formed 1954

The Isley Brothers re-recorded ‘Twist and Shout’ in 1962 for Wand Records and turned a flop into a hit, reaching No. 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 — their first Top 20 single. Their arrangement invented the parts everyone now sings: the ascending build in the bridge and the whooping call-and-response. The Beatles’ famous cover follows their blueprint, not the Top Notes’ original, which makes them the hinge of the whole story — and the version the Beatles’ fame quietly buried.

Popularly credited as the original

The Beatles

English rock band · formed 1960

The Beatles recorded ‘Twist and Shout’ on 11 February 1963 for Please Please Me, with John Lennon’s raw, throat-shredding vocal taken in a single late-session take. Their version is genuinely theirs and genuinely great; the only error is chronological. It is a cover of a cover — the Isley Brothers made it a hit in 1962, and The Top Notes recorded it first in 1961.

The songwriters

Phil Medley & Bert Berns

Bert Berns 1929–1967 · American songwriters

‘Twist and Shout’ was written by Phil Medley and Bert Berns, the latter credited on some pressings under the pseudonym Bert Russell. Berns (1929–1967) was one of the great soul songwriters and producers, also behind ‘Piece of My Heart’ and ‘Brown Eyed Girl’. They are the figures the song’s fame obscures most completely: not the famous band, not the hit-making group, but the two writers whose names ride under every version.