“We suffer more often in imagination than in reality” Seneca, Moral Letters to Lucilius, Letter 13 (c. 65 CE), trans. Richard M. Gummere
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Provenance
The source
Work
Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium (Moral Letters to Lucilius)
Location
Letter 13, ‘On Groundless Fears,’ §4
Written
c. 62–65 CE, Rome
Translation
Richard M. Gummere, Loeb Classical Library (1917–25)
There are more things, Lucilius, likely to frighten us than there are to crush us; we suffer more often in imagination than in reality.
↑ the popular one-liner drops the first half of the sentence
The Latin original reads: “Plura sunt, Lucili, quae nos terrent quam quae premunt, et saepius opinione quam re laboramus.” The word opinione (opinion / apprehension) is what Gummere renders as “imagination”; other translators give “we suffer more often in apprehension than in reality.”
Seneca’s text (c. 65 CE) and Gummere’s 1917–25 translation are both in the public domain.
⚠ This reflects the original work, which is public domain. If your exact English wording comes from a specific modern translation, that translation may itself still be under copyright — check the edition you quote.
Context
Why it mattered
Letter 13 is Seneca’s essay on groundless fear. The point of the line is not that suffering is unreal, but that anticipation multiplies it: the mind rehearses disasters that never arrive, and pays interest on debts it may never owe.
“We are in the habit of exaggerating, or imagining, or anticipating sorrow,” he writes a few sentences later — a diagnosis modern cognitive therapy would recognize two thousand years on.
We suffer more often in imagination than in reality.
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c. 4 BCE–65 CE · Roman Stoic philosopher and statesman
Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Seneca the Younger) was a Roman Stoic philosopher, dramatist, and statesman who served as tutor and later advisor to the emperor Nero. His Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium — 124 letters on how to live — are among the most influential works of practical Stoicism. Ordered by Nero to take his own life in 65 CE, he died as his philosophy counseled.
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Cite this
Primary source — Chicago
Seneca. Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Letter 13.4. Translated by Richard M. Gummere, Ad Lucilium Epistulae Morales, vol. 1, Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1917.
MLA (9th ed.)
Seneca. Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium. Translated by Richard M. Gummere, vol. 1, Loeb Classical Library, Heinemann, 1917, Letter 13, sec. 4.
APA (7th ed.)
Seneca. (1917). Epistulae morales ad Lucilium (Vol. 1) (R. M. Gummere, Trans.). Loeb Classical Library, Heinemann. (Original work written c. 62–65 CE)
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Quotle.info. “Who really said ‘We suffer more often in imagination than in reality’?” Last verified 7 Jul 2026. https://quotle.info/who-said/we-suffer-more-often-in-imagination-than-in-reality